Three-point code (frequent in different areas of research) occurs when 3 clinical scales are elevated in the profile (ex. The code defining such an occurrence would be something like 2-7/7-2. Two point profile (more frequently researched): 2 clinical scales are elevated in the critical range (T≥65). Single profile (profile spike): one single standard scale if elevated in the critical range. Scales most included in the research on code types: Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Pa, Pt, Sc, Ma.įor research on special populations include other scales, such as Mf and Si. They are based on the analysis of scale patterns.Ī code type is defined by the highest elevated scale or scales in the standard profile and their rank order in terms of elevation.
Profile or code types are MMPI-2 clinical scale summary indexes that include the most prominent scale elevations in a configuration of the standard MMPI-2 scales.Ĭode-type interpretation was developed as recognition that in many cases, more than one standard scale was usually elevated. Future evaluations of short-form validity should provide a more detailed examination of individual protocols, including an analysis of the frequency of accurate prediction of full-form scores.INTERPRETING MMPI-2 PROFILE TYPES (CODE TYPES)
However, clinicians should not use a standard interpretive approach with this test, and routine clinical application is unwarranted. These findings suggest that clinicians might be able to salvage a small amount of information from the shortened (180-item) version of the MMPI-2 when MMPI-2 protocols are incomplete. In contrast, this short form can be used to predict whether the full-scale scores fall within the pathological range ( T≥65). The results suggest that, even as applied to neurologically normal individuals, the proposed short form of the MMPI-2 is unreliable for predicting clinical code types, identifying the high-point scale, or predicting the scores on most of the basic scales. In the present investigation, we used a psychiatric sample ( N=186) with normal neurological findings to examine short-form accuracy in predicting basic scale scores, profile code types, identifying high-point scales, and classifying scores as pathological ( T≥65) or normal-range. Limited reliability and poor predictive accuracy were recently reported for many of the MMPI-2 short-form scales in a study that used 205 brain-injured patients.
This study investigated some psychometric characteristics of the 180-item version of the MMPI-2 ( Dahlstrom & Archer, 2000) in order to delineate its strengths, limitations, and appropriate scope of clinical application. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) is widely used in neuropsychology, though its length (567 items) is sometimes prohibitive.
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